构件：与介质正交的那一层

图示与数据图不属于任何一格——同一张架构图可以出现在幻灯里、 文档里、网页里。所以它们单列一层，共 52 型：图示 27 型 + 数据图 25 型。

每一型写明什么时候该用它与画法约定。

• 
  图示

  Architecture

  system overviews, data-flow diagrams, integration maps, infra topology

• 
  图示

  Bar / Column Chart

  comparing discrete quantities across categories or time intervals — sprint velocity, monthly revenue, feature adoption, cohort counts. Use when each category has a single numeric value and the comparison between bars is the primary message

• 
  图示

  Data Flow

  visualising how data moves through a pipeline *across organisational roles* — who initiates, who processes, who publishes, and who consumes. The canonical use case is a multi-role data platform (Admin → Engineers → Scientists → Consumers) with 4–6 process steps. Use when the reader needs to understand who does what at each stage, not just the technical components

• 
  图示

  DP integration

  the integration topology of a data platform — which source systems plug in, which consumer surfaces plug out, and which protocol each one speaks. Hub-and-spoke layout wrapped in an explicit Data platform layer; no time/phase axis

• 
  图示

  DP security matrix

  documenting per-role / per-component access permissions for a data platform — a grid where each row is a platform component (Keycloak, MinIO bucket, Trino catalog, JupyterHub, NiFi, …) and each column is a role / AD group (Data Administrators, Data Engineers, Data Scientists, Data Consumers, …). Each intersection cell holds a permission value (Admin / Full / R/W / Read / SELECT / Login / No access) with a visual category that matches the permission level. One cell may be marked focal to flag a critical access rule (e.g., "Data Consumers can ONLY `SELECT` from the aggregated catalog — sole consumer access")

• 
  图示

  ER / Data Model

  database schemas, API resource relationships, domain models

• 
  图示

  Flowchart

  decision logic, algorithms, user-facing branching flows ("Should I…?"), onboarding routing, support-triage trees

• 
  图示

  Gantt Chart

  project plans and roadmaps — tasks with explicit start and end dates, grouped into phases. Use when the reader needs to see temporal overlap, parallel tracks, and milestone sequencing at a glance

• 
  图示

  High-Level

  end-to-end data stack overviews — ingestion → storage → query → analytics → visualization — deployed on a container orchestrator (Kubernetes, ECS, Nomad). Combines a phase chevron banner, deployment boundary, orchestration bar, identity footer, and (optionally) a right-side vertical chevron strip for cross-cutting concerns (Orchestration, Security, Observability)

• 
  图示

  IT current-state

  documenting the *before* picture of a modernization proposal — the legacy IT landscape grouped by phase or department (Collection → Processing → Dissemination, or Frontend / Backend / Storage, or Survey → Analysts → Reports), with pain-points flagged, file-based hand-offs labelled (CSV / Excel / Email / Copy), and pre-platform tooling visible. The companion to `type-dp-integration.md`: this type shows the gap that a data-platform proposal is going to close

• 
  图示

  Layer Stack

  OSI model, CSS cascade, context hierarchy, tech stack, abstraction layers, memory hierarchy

• 
  图示

  Line Chart

  continuous trends over time or a sequential index — signups over weeks, revenue by month, latency over releases. Use when the direction and rate of change between points is the primary message

• 
  图示

  Loop

  reinforcing cycles, flywheels, feedback loops, and operating loops — anything where the last step feeds the first and a shared hub accumulates state. Use Loop when the reader must see both motions at once: work advances clockwise around the ring, while each pass writes durable state back to one common center

• 
  图示

  Medallion

  documenting a multi-tier data-storage layout where each tier is a distinct *quality / access level* of the same dataset — typically raw landing zone, anonymised, staging/cleaned, aggregated business indicators, and cold archive. Used when the reader needs to see at a glance *what each bucket contains*, *who writes it*, *with what tool and format*, and *how data is promoted between tiers*

• 
  图示

  Nested Containment

  hierarchy through containment — scope boundaries, CLAUDE.md cascade, trust zones, folder nesting, blast radius. Outer = broader, inner = more specific

• 
  图示

  Org Chart / Responsibility Map

  human teams, agent teams, support escalation maps, role ownership, routing maps, and any hierarchy where the reader needs to know *who owns what* rather than just parent → child structure

• 
  图示

  Process

  sequential business processes with multiple actors/divisions where the reader needs to see *who* does *what*, *what data* enters and leaves each step, and *which tools* are used — not just the step order. Covers responsibility audits, data-quality gate reviews, cross-divisional handoff maps, and end-to-end workflow documentation

• 
  图示

  Pyramid / Funnel

  hierarchy of needs, prioritization ranks, value pyramids, conversion funnels, content importance stacks

• 
  图示

  Quadrant

  prioritization (Impact × Effort), positioning (Reach × Frequency), portfolio maps, 2×2 decision frames

• 
  图示

  Radar / Spider

  comparing 3–5 entities across 3–5 quantitative criteria on a single normalized 0–N scale. Capability matrices, product or backend evaluations, framework/team scorecards. Where a comparison table starts running out of horizontal room, radar makes the shape of each option legible at a glance

• 
  图示

  Scatter Plot

  correlation and distribution — two continuous variables plotted against each other. Use when the relationship (or lack of one) between variables is the message, or when you need to identify clusters, outliers, and high/low performers

• 
  图示

  Sequence

  request/response flows, protocol exchanges, multi-actor interactions over time, API call traces, incident reconstructions, auth/token refresh paths with branching

• 
  图示

  State Machine

  finite state logic — order status, auth state, connection lifecycle, form wizard, job queue status

• 
  图示

  Swimlane

  cross-functional processes, RACI-style flows, vendor handoffs, multi-team shipping workflows

• 
  图示

  Timeline

  release history, project milestones, incident timelines, roadmaps, changelog visualizations

• 
  图示

  Tree / Hierarchy

  org charts, dependency trees, taxonomy, file trees, decision breakdowns, skill trees

• 
  图示

  Venn / Set Overlap

  intersection of concepts/domains, shared attributes between categories, "where A meets B", ikigai-style frames (desirable × feasible × viable)

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图

• 数据图